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➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ Layer 1 vs Layer 2 | Simple guide to Blockchain scaling solutions 1. What is Lightning Network? ✅ A Layer 2 solution for Bitcoin that enables instant payments 2. What is Layer 1 in blockchain technology? ✅ The main blockchain where all transactions are recorded 3. What analogy was used to describe Layer 1 congestion? ✅ A busy motorway during rush hour 4. What do zero-knowledge rollups use to verify transactions? ✅ Cryptography to prove everything upfront 5. How much can Lightning Network reduce Bitcoin transaction fees according to the video? ✅ From $2.80 to $0.001 6. What happens when Layer 1 networks get congested? ✅ Fees go up and transactions slow down 7. What is the relationship between Layer 1 and Layer 2? ✅ They work together - Layer 1 provides security, Layer 2 provides speed 8. What is the main purpose of Layer 2 solutions? ✅ To process transactions off the main chain and improve speed 9. What do optimistic rollups assume about transactions? ✅ Everything is fine unless someone objects 10. Which Layer 2 solutions were mentioned for Ethereum? ✅ Arbitrum and Optimism 11. How much money is locked in Layer 2 solutions as of 2025? ✅ Over $42 billion 12. Which of these is an example of a Layer 1 blockchain? ✅ Bitcoin 5 must-have tools to DYOR in crypto | Research before you act 1. What does GitHub activity tell you? ✅ Whether developers are actively building. 2. Why should you care about token unlocks? ✅ They can affect a token's price significantly. 3. Why is checking on-chain data useful? ✅ It helps verify if a project has real usage. 4. What do CoinGecko and CoinMarketCap help you track? ✅ Real-time price, market cap, and supply. 5. Why is reading a project's whitepaper important? ✅ It explains what the project does and how it works. 6. What does “Do Your Own Research” mean in crypto? ✅ It means using tools to make informed decisions. 7. Why are CoinGecko and CoinMarketCap important? ✅ They provide essential coin data in one place. 8. What do platforms like TokenUnlocks show? ✅ Upcoming token release schedules. 9. What does Etherscan allow you to see? ✅ Real wallet activity and smart contract data. 10. Why can the crypto space feel overwhelming? ✅ Because there's hype, speed, and tons of projects. 11. How can social platforms help with research? ✅ They show real community engagement. 12. What's a red flag in crypto communities? ✅ Silence or constant hype without answers. ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ 💬Chat ❕ 📹AllCode
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➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ How Blockchain explorers work. Track wallets, transactions & NFTs 1. What kind of websites should you avoid when exploring blockchain data? ✅ Fake explorer sites set up by scammers 2. What should you always check before using an explorer? ✅ That the URL is official and correct 3. What kind of data can you find using a transaction ID? ✅ Sender, receiver, amount, and timestamp 4. How are explorers described in the video? ✅ Like X-ray vision for the blockchain 5. Why are explorers useful for viewing gas fees? ✅ They break down each transaction's cost 6. What tool helps you track crypto transactions on a blockchain? ✅ Blockchain explorer 7. Why are explorers helpful for crypto beginners? ✅ They make blockchain data easier to understand 8. What happens when you type a wallet address into an explorer? ✅ You see balances and full transaction history 9. What is a blockchain compared to in the video? ✅ A public ledger 10. Which of these can blockchain explorers help you check? ✅ NFT arrivals and smart contract activity 11. How does the video describe using a blockchain explorer? ✅ Becoming a detective 12. What do explorers like Etherscan or Solscan allow you to do? ✅ Search wallets and transaction IDs. ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ 💬Chat ❕ 📹AllCode
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📚 What Is DeFi? | The Future of Finance Without Middlemen

🍿 What if you could borrow, lend, invest, or raise money — all without banks, brokers, or paperwork? That’s the power of DeFi, or Decentralized Finance. In this video, you’ll learn how smart contracts replace traditional institutions, how platforms like Hipo work without middlemen, and why DeFi is changing the rules of global finance. #hipolearn Buy HPO ││ Stake TON ││ Join Hipo Club ││ Follow Hipo ││ Watch & Learn ││ Hipo Chat
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🚀 Jetton Simple Staking placement is now available to everyone on tonraffles.app!

🤔 Launch Simple Staking in just 3 clicks—no code, fast and effortless. 🔎 Release highlights — Full self‑service: Set up and manage staking directly in the TonRaffles interface. — Flexible plan configuration: Full lock and a two‑tier fee let you fine‑tune rewards to fit your tokenomics and keep holders engaged. — Up to 10 plans per staking: Add new plans anytime, adapting terms to market conditions and your community’s needs. — Refreshed UI: Better navigation and visual cues—thanks for your feedback! — Upgraded smart contract: Insights from previous launches helped us streamline the logic and boost security. ✉️ Ready to start? Create your staking now at tonraffles.app. ℹ️ More about the module and Simple Staking fees — see our GitBook.
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🥇 Roast Session #9
Get ready for a special edition of the Roast Session featuring winning projects from TON Europe Hub hackathons! Builders will take the stage to pitch their projects and receive valuable feedback from seasoned experts. This is a unique opportunity to learn how successful projects are built, understand the key elements that make a product stand out and connect with the right team to build something extraordinary—together. 📅 Wednesday, July 30 🕑 3 PM CET 📍 Join the livestream on Twitter 🔗 Register on Luma Experts — Bilal El Alamy – Co-founder and CEO, PyratzLabs — Dmitri Elisov – Co-founder and CTO, Oqtacore — Samuel – Co-founder, TON Battleground — Tony – Manager, TON Europe Hub Projects — Connections - Build and manage your event network like never before. It leverages QR code scanning, Telegram integration, and an AI assistant to streamline the process of connecting with new people and organizing contacts by event. — Swift Gifts is the first Telegram gift aggregator where you can discover, buy, sell, and store NFT gifts, both on-chain and off-chain. — SmartExchange is the next-generation Web3 escrow application powered by TON smart contracts that provides trustless, automated, and secure escrow solution for on-chain transactions. — Narad is the InfoFi layer for Telegram - think Kaito for Telegram. Easily search and track mindshare, topics and narratives across thousands of Telegram groups. Ready to make a name for yourself and pitch your project at Roast Session? 👉 Then fill out this form! News Channel | Chat | Twitter
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🎉 The Open Hack is officially wrapped!
What an incredible journey it's been. We're thrilled to announce the results: 🚀 70+ submissions 🏆 10 deserving winners 💰 $8,000 in prizes 🥇 1st Place — BeautyTON (2000$) Bringing beauty services into Telegram: instant, shareable, and Web3-ready. This concept could impact all retail oriented business by democratizing Telegram Mini-Apps — allowing anyone to create their own in-app Mini-App in just a few clicks! 🔗 Check it out 🥈 2nd Place — tPolls (1500$) Web3.0 incentivized polls built on TON. The story of Eastmaels is inspiring — a Web2 dev who fell in love with TON and Telegram. Kudos! 🔗 Check it out 🥉 3rd Place — Swift Gift (1000$) The first Telegram gifts aggregator, loved by the Gifts community! 🔗 Check it out 🌟 4th–10th Place (500$ each) 🔹 Insane nights & days - The Community-Driven Booking & Event DAO for DJs, fans & clubs. 🔹 SmartExchange - A Web3 escrow app powered by TON smart contracts. 🔹 The Open Market - A decentralized prediction market built natively on TON. 🔹 TONgeist - Tonacle: bringing real-world data to TON smart contracts via fast, secure and decentralized oracles. 🔹 Paid Live - Get paid per minute for live video streams in Telegram channels with TON. 🔹 NFTG ZONIX - Telegram-native Web3 platform transforming a pixel grid into a dynamic showcase of Telegram channels. 🔹 ChannelSense - Your AI-powered assistant for smarter Telegram channel management. 🏆 All winners also receive: — 1st–3rd place: Hands-on mentorship from TON Foundation — 1st–10th place: Accelerated access to TON Ecosystem Support programs — All winners: Roast Session at TON Europe Hub and an invitation to TON Nest program To all participants — thank you for your incredible ideas and hard work! Join our thriving builders community: → TON Builders PortalTON ID This is only the start. 🚀 A huge thank you to our amazing partners: STON.fi, Dropee, EVAA Protocol, sTONks, Holders, Eliza OS, Society, Stickers, Dogs Community, Open Builders & more! 👍 Share and like the X thread! News Channel | Chat | Twitter
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Изображение канала: Crypto Solyanka Education
Как криптопроекты "кормят" инвесторов на этапе ICO/IDO — и почему они всегда выигрывают
Ты слышишь об ICO или IDO, и думаешь: “Вот шанс!” Проект обещает революцию, инновации и кучу новых возможностей. Но есть один момент: ты — не первый, кто покупает токены. Ты — последний в цепочке, которая уже давно построена. 1️⃣ Приватные раунды: венчурные капиталы и ранние инвесторы покупают токены за цену в 10 раз ниже твоей. ICO для них уже не выгодно, они зарабатывают на тебе. 2️⃣ Маркетинг и ажиотаж: Первичные этапы ICO создают искусственный спрос, чтобы подогреть интерес и заставить тебя купить токены по завышенной цене. 3️⃣ Зачем ICO, если продукт не готов? ICO — это не всегда способ развития проекта. Часто это просто способ собрать деньги для ликвидности и последующих продаж. 4️⃣ Победа для всех, кроме тебя: Даже если проект провалится, инвесторы из приватных раундов уже в плюсе. Ты покупаешь токены на пике, а они выходят, когда цена максимальна. 5️⃣ Цикличность и вывод: Новое ICO, новые обещания быстрой прибыли. Разработчики собирают деньги, раздувают проект с помощью маркетинга и снова проводят новые раунды. Это постоянная цикличность, которая приносит деньги на каждом этапе. Как избежать ловушки? ✔️ Исследуй участников приватных раундов и их долю. ✔️ Изучай дорожную карту и smart contracts. ✔️ Понимание ICO как стартапа, а не гарантии успеха. ✔️ Разбирайся, какие реальные функции и услуги предлагает проект. ❗️ ICO/IDO — не всегда путь к успеху. Это скорее способ заработать для тех, кто уже в игре. Ты можешь попасть в ловушку гипер-маркетинга, но реальная прибыль часто уходит к тем, кто вначале был “в игре”. #ICO #IDO
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Изображение канала: DAILY COMBO Pigshousebot Rating Agent301 Mouse
🔄 CEXiO | Link: JOIN
➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖  The real metaverse explained. Beyond VR and hype 1. What is the metaverse not limited to? ✔️ A single place or platform 2. How does blockchain enable the metaverse? ✔️ It lets users move assets freely across apps and platforms 3. What does the metaverse shift away from? ✔️Platform-owned spaces to user-owned experiences 4. What is the invitation at the end of the explanation? ✔️ To join and help shape the future of the open metaverse 5. What is the role of a wallet in the metaverse? ✔️ It holds your identity, assets, and voting power 6. What connects different worlds and apps in the metaverse? ✔️ Interoperability through blockchain and crypto 7. Why are NFTs, DAOs, and smart contracts important in the metaverse? ✔️ They give users ownership, governance, and automation 8. Who helps shape the future of the metaverse? ✔️ Communities, creators, and startups 9. What's a key difference in identity within the metaverse? ✔️ You control and own your digital identity 10. How does the metaverse change user participation? ✔️ Users become builders and decision-makers 11. What is the metaverse according to the real definition? ✔️ A persistent, always-on digital universe where people live, work, and connect 12. What can users actually own in the metaverse? ✔️ Digital assets like currency, art, music, or code ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ 💬Chat ❕ 📹AllCode
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Изображение канала: ArtyShatilov.ton
Lido V3 launches stVaults, a modular smart contract system that lets solo validators and institutions run customizable staking setups with integrated or optional stETH liquidity - 𝕏/
🏷️ lido, Staking
Изображение канала: Cryptic Crypto 🧠
💰 ETH в зоне риска: ликвидации, лонги и исторический OI
На горизонте напряжённая ситуация, если цена ETH опустится к ~$3360, объём ликвидаций по лонгам превысит $3.35 млрд. И это уже потенциальный снежный ком, способный запустить лавину принудительных продаж. 📊 Дополняет картину и другой момент открытый интерес по фьючерсам на ETH бьёт рекорды, достигнув $48.02 млрд. OI (Open Interest) - это количество открытых фьючерсных контрактов, которые ещё не закрыты. Его рост = вливание новой ликвидности, рост активности и ставок на движение цены. Но когда все в одну сторону, то растёт риск каскадной ликвидации. 📉 Ликвидационная зона сейчас как мина под поверхностью, приближение к $3360 может спровоцировать автоматические распродажи по плечам, особенно у трейдеров на Binance, Bybit и OKX. В такие моменты важно наблюдать не только за ценой, но и за динамикой ликвидаций и OI, именно они часто становятся первыми триггерами резких движений на рынке. Будьте аккуратны в спекулятивных позициях. Когда толпа стоит в лонг, волатильность может обернуться против неё. Поделитесь в комментах: как вы хеджируетесь в такие моменты? English 🇺🇸 ETH at risk: liquidations, longs and historical OI There is a tense situation on the horizon, if ETH price drops to ~$3360, the volume of liquidations on longs will exceed $3.35 bln. And this is already a potential snowball that could trigger an avalanche of forced sales. Another thing that completes the picture is that Open Interest in ETH futures is breaking records, reaching $48.02 bln. OI (Open Interest) is the number of open futures contracts that are still open. Its growth = injection of new liquidity, increased activity and bets on price movement. But when it's all one way, the risk of cascading liquidation grows. The liquidation zone is like a landmine under the surface right now, approaching $3360 could trigger automatic shoulder sell-offs, especially for traders on Binance, Bybit and OKX. At times like these, it's important to watch not only the price but also the dynamics of liquidations and OIs, these are often the first triggers for sharp market moves. Be careful with speculative positions. When the crowd is in a long position, volatility can turn against it. Share in the comments: how do you hedge in times like these? ⭐️ Crypto Chat | Exchange | ADS
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Изображение канала: Crypto Millionaire Signals 🚀
Having established derivatives' growing relevance in the Bitcoin ecosystem, we now examine open interest across futures and options contracts to evaluate market leverage buildup.
Both markets have experienced remarkable OI growth over recent years: futures rising from $7.7B to $52.8B, and options expanding from $3.2B to $43.4B. Combined, total derivatives open interest peaked at $114B and remains elevated at ~$96.2B. This sustained expansion reflects significant leverage buildup within the Bitcoin economy, potentially heightening volatile price swing risks.
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Изображение канала: DAILY COMBO Pigshousebot Rating Agent301 Mouse
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➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖  What Is a DAO? Decentralized Autonomous Organizations explained 1. Who makes decisions in a DAO? ✅ Token holders who vote 2. What does DAO stand for? ✅ Decentralized Autonomous Organization 3. Why can't a DAO's rules be secretly changed? ✅ They're stored on the blockchain and controlled by smart contracts 4. Why might someone be interested in joining a DAO? ✅ To help build and govern a decentralized project 5. What type of ownership do DAOs promote? ✅ Shared and transparent 6. What is ENS DAO responsible for? ✅ Managing Ethereum domain names 7. What does Uniswap DAO manage? ✅ A decentralized exchange 8. Which DAO runs a stablecoin system? ✅ MakerDAO 9. What gives members voting power in a DAO? ✅ Governance tokens 10. How are DAO proposals executed? ✅ Automatically through smart contracts 11. What is a smart contract? ✅ Code that runs on a blockchain and executes rules 12. What is the main advantage of DAOs? ✅ Global, decentralized collaboration without middlemen ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ 💬Chat ❕ 📹AllCode
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Изображение канала: Gatto | Official Channel (18+)
TON withdrawal from the game is temporarily unavailable ❌
The smart contract is undergoing maintenance, so TON withdrawal from the game is unavailable from now until Sunday, July 20, inclusive. We will notify you when the ability to withdraw the token is restored. All other Gatto features are working as normal. Withdrawal requests made before the start of the maintenance are safe — they will be processed as soon as the system is up and running again. 👀RU Вывод TON из игры временно недоступен ❌ На смарт-контракте проходят технические работы, поэтому вывод TON из игры недоступен с этого момента и до воскресенья, 20 июля, включительно. Мы сообщим, когда возможность вывода токена будет восстановлена. Все остальные возможности Gatto работают в штатном режиме. Запросы на вывод, сделанные до начала работ, в безопасности — они будут обработаны, как только система снова заработает.
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Изображение канала: DAILY COMBO Pigshousebot Rating Agent301 Mouse
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➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖  What is Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC)? I Use BTC in DeFi without selling 1. Why is WBTC described as a "superpower" for your Bitcoin? ✅ It gives BTC access to DeFi tools 2. What backs each unit of WBTC? ✅ Real Bitcoin held by a custodian 3. What kind of crypto tool is WBTC considered? ✅ A bridge between blockchains 4. How is the backing of WBTC made transparent? ✅ Reserves are publicly verifiable on-chain 5. Why was WBTC created? ✅ To let Bitcoin be used in Ethereum-based DeFi applications 6. What is one benefit of using WBTC? ✅ You don't have to sell your Bitcoin to access DeFi 7. What should users remember before diving into DeFi with WBTC? ✅ DeFi carries risks and needs research 8. What powers the functionality of WBTC in DeFi? ✅ Ethereum smart contracts 9. What is Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC)? ✅ A tokenized version of Bitcoin that runs on the Ethereum blockchain 10. What happens when you wrap your Bitcoin? ✅ You exchange it for an equal amount of WBTC 11. What can you do with WBTC? ✅ Lend, borrow, and trade in DeFi 12.  Why can’t native Bitcoin be used directly in Ethereum DeFi? ✅ Bitcoin doesn’t support smart contracts ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ 💬Chat ❕ 📹AllCode
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Изображение канала: Hipo
📚 What Are Smart Contracts? | Trust Code, Not Middlemen
🍿 How can two strangers make a deal without trusting each other — or a company in the middle? That's what smart contracts do: they replace middlemen with open, unstoppable code. In this video, you'll learn what smart contracts are and how they work, and what to check before trusting any smart contract. #hipolearn Buy HPO ││ Stake TON ││ Join Hipo Club ││ Follow Hipo ││ Watch & Learn ││ Hipo Chat
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Изображение канала: village"ton
Пост для тех, кто, как и я, столкнулся с проблемой, из-за которой при выводе NFT «Telegram Gifts» с продажи на платформе Fragment возникала ошибка, и подарок не удавалось снять с продажи.
Суть проблемы заключается в том, что на контракте NFT закончились ton’ы для оплаты газа, в результате чего он не может корректно отработать. Чтобы успешно снять подарок с глючной продажи, необходимо выполнить следующие действия: найдите адрес каждого из NFT «telegram gifts» и отправьте на него 0.1 тон. Как найти адрес: 1 — открыть NFT «telegram gifts» в tonviewer 2 — открыть NFT «telegram gifts» на Getgems и в Details найти строку Contract Address Огромное спасибо за помощь и инфу: @MonkeyBgg 🏪Thermos " Tonnel 💰Portals " Buy stars 🤖Trading bot
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Изображение канала: Crypto Webz
🕯 Пора вспоминать малыху
Сегодня в 20:00 листинг токена $PUMP и по-моему самое время постоять в пулах ✅️ Meteora Contract pumpCmXqMfrsAkQ5r49WcJnRayYRqmXz6ae8H7H9Dfn Я посижу в пуле 100/5, диапазон как всегда пошире #sol #pump #trade
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Изображение канала: Crypto Whales 🐋
Hungary’s Orban Is Hammering von der Leyen for $20 million Corruption
Orban on Wednesday accused European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen of corruption and called for her resignation, saying she has lost credibility. 🔨💰 In a statement on X ahead of a no-confidence vote against her in the European Parliament on Thursday, Orban said: "Tomorrow will be a turbulent day in the European Parliament. MEPs will vote on whether Ursula von der Leyenshould continue to lead the Brusselian bureaucracy." 🇪🇺🗳 He argued the vote was triggered by "the corruption scandals piling up around the President, but we all know that corruption is just the tip of the iceberg." 🧊❌ "This is about more than that. It is about competence, results, and the future of Europe," he said. 🌍⚖️ He said that under von der Leyen’s leadership, European competitiveness is “in ruins,” European energy prices have gone “through the roof,” illegal migration is “out of control,” the war in Ukraine is a “meat grinder,” and European farmers are “on the brink.” 🌾⚡️ Orban framed the upcoming vote as a fundamental choice for the continent: "Tomorrow, the moment of truth arrives: on one side, the Brusselian imperial elite, on the other, the patriots and common sense. No dodging, a choice must be made." ⚖️🇪🇺 "Madam President, leadership is about responsibility. It is time to go!” Orban said, and also shared an image of von der Leyen with the caption: "Time to go to prison." 📸🚨 The vote follows mounting criticism over the European Commission’s vaccine procurement during the COVID-19 pandemic. 🦠💉 The bloc’s largest deal was signed with American pharmaceutical company Pfizer, but the full cost of the contracts remains undisclosed, classified as a "commercial secret." 💼🕵️‍♂️ Text messages exchanged between von der Leyen and Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla during negotiations led to suspicions of irregular conduct. 📲⚖️ Romanian MEP Gheorghe Piperea submitted the no-confidence motion against von der Leyen, citing the so-called "Pfizergate" scandal. 🔴 Orban: “von der Leyen has stolen $20 million through Pfizergate, this is a real theft of our European money. She must go to prison,” he said in an interview to Hungarian Newsletters. 💸🛑 #Orban #vonderLeyen #money #Pfizergate #corruption 📱 American Оbserver - Stay up to date on all important events 🇺🇸
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Изображение канала: Business | crypto |Trading 🚀
Hungary’s Orban Is Hammering von der Leyen for $20 million Corruption
Orban on Wednesday accused European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen of corruption and called for her resignation, saying she has lost credibility. 🔨💰 In a statement on X ahead of a no-confidence vote against her in the European Parliament on Thursday, Orban said: "Tomorrow will be a turbulent day in the European Parliament. MEPs will vote on whether Ursula von der Leyenshould continue to lead the Brusselian bureaucracy." 🇪🇺🗳 He argued the vote was triggered by "the corruption scandals piling up around the President, but we all know that corruption is just the tip of the iceberg." 🧊❌ "This is about more than that. It is about competence, results, and the future of Europe," he said. 🌍⚖️ He said that under von der Leyen’s leadership, European competitiveness is “in ruins,” European energy prices have gone “through the roof,” illegal migration is “out of control,” the war in Ukraine is a “meat grinder,” and European farmers are “on the brink.” 🌾⚡️ Orban framed the upcoming vote as a fundamental choice for the continent: "Tomorrow, the moment of truth arrives: on one side, the Brusselian imperial elite, on the other, the patriots and common sense. No dodging, a choice must be made." ⚖️🇪🇺 "Madam President, leadership is about responsibility. It is time to go!” Orban said, and also shared an image of von der Leyen with the caption: "Time to go to prison." 📸🚨 The vote follows mounting criticism over the European Commission’s vaccine procurement during the COVID-19 pandemic. 🦠💉 The bloc’s largest deal was signed with American pharmaceutical company Pfizer, but the full cost of the contracts remains undisclosed, classified as a "commercial secret." 💼🕵️‍♂️ Text messages exchanged between von der Leyen and Pfizer CEO Albert Bourla during negotiations led to suspicions of irregular conduct. 📲⚖️ Romanian MEP Gheorghe Piperea submitted the no-confidence motion against von der Leyen, citing the so-called "Pfizergate" scandal. 🔴 Orban: “von der Leyen has stolen $20 million through Pfizergate, this is a real theft of our European money. She must go to prison,” he said in an interview to Hungarian Newsletters. 💸🛑 #Orban #vonderLeyen #money #Pfizergate #corruption 📱 American Оbserver - Stay up to date on all important events 🇺🇸
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Изображение канала: Crypto Solyanka Education
Почему токены могут “зависнуть” при отправке — и как работают non-standard контракты
Ты отправил токен, всё прошло — но получатель его не видит. Где он? В никуда? На самом деле — всё на месте, просто смарт-контракт токена работает нестандартно. Это частая проблема в DeFi, особенно с токенами, которые не следуют стандарту ERC-20. Разбираемся: почему токен может «зависнуть» — и что делать, чтобы не потерять активы. Что значит “non-standard” токен? В Ethereum (и EVM-сетях) стандарт токена — это ERC-20. Он задаёт чёткие правила: как работает transfer, balanceOf, decimals, approve и т.п. Но важно понимать: стандарт ERC-20 — это скорее рекомендация, а не строгое правило. Разработчики могут изменить поведение токена, и тогда transfer() не вызовет revert, decimals может отсутствовать, а сам токен — добавлять комиссии, блокировки или налоги при переводе. Что происходит при попытке отправить такой токен? ➜ Транзакция может пройти on-chain, но фактически не передать токен или передать меньше ➜ Кошелёк не сможет отобразить баланс корректно ➜ Контракт-получатель (например, DEX) не распознает токен как валидный ➜ В агрегаторе или мосте токен может просто “застрять” в contract-стейте Почему так происходит? Разработчики могут намеренно или по ошибке не следовать стандарту ERC-20, добавляя свои условия — whitelist, разблокировку, KYC и прочее. Иногда токен и вовсе фейковый (scam/honeypot), а взаимодействие с ним происходит без проверки возврата значений, что только усиливает риски. Как не попасть? ✔️ Проверяй токен перед отправкой: ✔️ Адрес контракта ✔️ Наличие кода на Etherscan ✔️ Поддержку интерфейса ERC-20 (totalSupply, decimals, transfer возвращает bool) ✔️ Метки на DeBank, CoinGecko, TokenSniffer Используй только DEX/бриджи, которые умеют работать с такими токенами (например, PancakeSwap часто добавляет поддержку нестандартных). Для отправки — юзай интерфейсы, которые умеют отлавливать ошибки (safeTransfer, Rabby, Zapper) ❗️В Web3 ты работаешь не с банком — а с кодом. И если токен «не по правилам», последствия могут быть непредсказуемы. Стандарт — это язык общения между контрактами. Нарушил — никто не поймёт. Даже ты. #SmartContracts
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